Revista Cubana de Hematología, Inmunología y Hemoterapia (Apr 2008)

Relevancia biológica y clínica del inmunofenotipaje celular en la leucemia linfoide aguda del niño Biological and clinical importance of the cellular immunophenotyping in acute lymphocytic leukemia in children

  • Vianed Marsán Suárez,
  • Yanelkys Cos Padrón,
  • Miriam Sánchez Segura,
  • Bertha B. Socarrás Ferrer,
  • Consuelo Macías Abraham,
  • Lázaro O. del Valle Pérez,
  • Aramís Núñez Quintana,
  • Alejandro González Otero,
  • Eva Svarch Guerchicoff,
  • Rosa M. Lam Díaz

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 24, no. 1
p. 0

Abstract

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Se estudiaron las características biológicas y clínicas de 238 niños con leucemia linfoide aguda (LLA) en un período de 13 años. El inmunofenotipaje celular de muestras procedentes de la médula ósea se realizó mediante un ultramicrométodo inmunocitoquímico. Del total de LLA estudiadas 81,4 % fueron de fenotipo B y 18,5 % de fenotipo T. El 48,4 % de los niños con LLA de fenotipo B se encontraron en edades comprendidas entre 2-5 años, mientras que el 65,9 % con LLA-T presentaron 6 o más años de edad. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas cuando se analizaron el sexo y el color de la piel en relación con el fenotipo celular leucémico. Al diagnóstico de la enfermedad, el 59,3 % de los pacientes con LLA-B mostraron cifras de leucocitos en sangre periférica The biological and clinical characteristics of 238 children with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) were studied for 13 years. The cellular immunophenotyping of samples from the bone marrow was performed by an immunocytochemical ultramicromethod. Of the total of studied ALL, 81.4 % were phenotype B and 18.5 % phenotype T. 48.4 % of the children with B-ALL were 2-5 years old, whereas 65.9 % with T-ALL were 6 or over. No statistically significant differences were found when sex and colour of the skin were analyzed in relation to the cellular leukemic phenotype. On diagnosing the disease, 59.3 % of the patients with B-ALL showed figures of leukocytes in peripheral blood < 20x109/L, whereas in 61.4 % with T-ALL, the figures were higher than 50x109/L. It was observed a greater incidence of organomegaly, mediastinal adenopathies, hemorrhagic manifestations and initial infiltration of the central nervous system in patients with T-ALL compared with those suffering B-ALL. The differences were highly significant. These results proved that the leukemic phenotype in ALL in children could be considered as a positive or negative prognostic factor of the disease.

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