The In-Depth Studies of Pulsed UV Laser-Modified TiO₂ Nanotubes: The Influence of Geometry, Crystallinity, and Processing Parameters

Abstract

The laser processing of the titania nanotubes has been investigated in terms of morphology, structure, and optical properties of the obtained material. The length of the nanotubes and crystallinity, as well as the atmosphere of the laser treatment, were taken into account. The degree of changes of the initial geometry of nanotubes were checked by means of scanning electron microscopy, which visualizes both the surface and the cross-section. The phase conversion from the amorphous to anatase has been achieved for laser-treated amorphous material, whereas modification of calcined one led to distortion within the crystal structure. This result is confirmed both by Raman and grazing incident XRD measurements. The latter studies provided an in-depth analysis of the crystalline arrangement and allowed also for determining the propagation of laser modification. The narrowing of the optical bandgap for laser-treated samples has been observed. Laser treatment of TiO2 nanotubes can lead to the preparation of the material of desired structural and optical parameters. The usage of the motorized table during processing enables induction of changes in the precisely selected area of the sample within a very short time.

Keywords

• tio₂ nanotubes
• laser treatment
• phase transformation
• surface modification