Application of herbicides on common winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at different doses and their reflection on the structural elements of spike

Abstract

Abstract. The aim of this investigation was to determine the effect of the application dose of herbicides on structural elements of spike in common winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The investigations were carried out during 2015–2017 at Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute (DAI) – town of General Toshevo. The following herbicides were used: Derby super WG (33 g/ha; 66 g/ha; 132 g/ha), Secator ОD (100 mL/ha; 200 mL/ha; 400 mL/ha), Ergon WG (50 g/ha; 100 g/ha; 200 g/ha), Granstar super 50SG (40 g/ha; 80 g/ha; 160 g/ha), Lintur 70WG (150 g/ha; 300 g/ha; 600 g/ha) and Mustang 306.25 СК (800 mL/ha; 1600 mL/ha; 3200 mL/ha) from the group of sulfunylureas with various mechanism of action. The preparations were applied at three doses – optimal, double and quadruple, at stage 29 of common winter wheat cultivar Dragana, Zlatitsa and Kalina. The herbicide effect was determined by the quantitative weight method and evaluated by the EWRS scale. These were the traced structural elements of the wheat spike: length of spike (cm), number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, weight of grain per spike (g) and weight of 1000 grains (g). Four-factor dispersion analysis was applied. The factors year conditions, cultivar, herbicide and dose were traced. The factors with the highest strength of effect were the year conditions (10-95%) and the used cultivar (2-87%). Significantly lower was the effect of the factors applied herbicide (2-4%) and dose (1-2%) on the investigated structural elements of spike.

Keywords

• common winter wheat
• cultivars
• herbicides
• weeds
• application doses
• structural elements of spike