Public awareness of medication disposal and its impact on environmental and public health: A cross-sectional study in the United Arab Emirates

Abstract

Objective: This study addresses a critical gap in understanding public awareness and practices related to medication disposal in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), emphasizing the environmental and public health implications of improper disposal methods. Methods: Using a cross-sectional online survey distributed across the UAE, we engaged adults in assessing their awareness levels, disposal practices, and the influence of demographic factors on these practices. The survey included questions on knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward medication disposal, and the analysis was performed using descriptive statistics and Poisson regression models. Results: Among the 385 respondents, the majority demonstrated awareness of the need for proper medication disposal, yet a disconnect between awareness and actual disposal practices was evident. Notably, 66 % reported disposing of expired medications in garbage, underscoring a prevalent practice with potential environmental hazards. Regression analysis highlighted no significant demographic influence on disposal behaviors, suggesting a uniform need for enhanced public education across all population sectors. Conclusions: The findings revealed a pressing need for targeted educational campaigns and accessible medication takeback programs in the UAE to bridge the gap between awareness and proper disposal practices. Such initiatives are crucial for mitigating the environmental and public health risks associated with the improper disposal of medications and advocating a multi-stakeholder approach to foster sustainable disposal habits.

Keywords

• Medicine disposal
• Unused medicines
• Expired medicines
• Knowledge
• Public awareness
• UAE citizens