Negative transverse maxillary discrepancy and associated factors in patients requiring orthognathic surgery

Abstract

Introduction: Transverse discrepancy of the arches is a skeletal problem not sufficiently studied in persons requiring surgical orthodontic treatment. Objective: Characterize patients with negative transverse maxillary discrepancy requiring surgical orthognathic surgery. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted of 25 medical records of patients attending the maxillofacial surgery service at Hermanos Ameijeiras Clinical Surgical Hospital with negative transverse maxillary discrepancy requiring orthognathic surgery from January 2016 to January 2020. The cases were studied with qualitative variables divided into epidemiological, facial features and dental measurements. Analysis was based on statistical charts. The summary measurements used were absolute and relative frequencies. Results: The frequency of negative maxillary discrepancy was 13.3%. White skin patients were more commonly affected (80%). The main concern was aesthetic (68%). Lower third asymmetry and a concave profile were present in 44% and 36% of the cases, respectively. A high frequency was observed of patients with an augmented lower third (76%), posterior crossbite (48%), anterior open bite (75%), lower arch crowding (63.3%) and lower incisor lingualization (72%). Conclusions: Negative transverse maxillary discrepancy is common among patients requiring orthognathic surgery for large aesthetic alterations. White skin patients were found to be more prone to present this disorder.

Keywords

• cirugía ortognática
• anomalías maxilomandibulares
• discrepancia transversal del maxilar
• hipoplasia maxilar