Contribution of reciprocal electrical stimulation across elbow muscles to motor recovery of infants with Erb's Palsy: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

This study examined the effect of reciprocal electrical stimulation (RES) across elbow flexors and extensors on the reaction of degeneration percentage and motor function in Erb's palsy infants. Forty infants with Erb’s palsy aged between 2-5 months were randomly allocated to one of two equal groups: the control group (A) received standard physical therapy, the study group (B) received traditional physical therapy plus a 15-minute RES through elbow flexors and extensors. For three months, interventions were carried out three times each week. The percentage of reaction of degeneration and motor function were assessed pre- and post-treatment using electromyography and Toronto active motion scale respectively. There was a significantly greater reduction in the percentage of reaction of degeneration and increase in the Toronto active motion scale score in the study group (B) as compared to the control group (A) (p < 0.001, p =0.007 consequently), indicating more improvements following the RES application. Incorporating the RES in the traditional rehabilitation programs for Erb's palsied infants is likely effective in improving motor functions. It is advisable for the pediatric physical therapist to consider such a therapeutic approach in caring for those infants.

Keywords

• Brachial Plexus Birth Injury
• Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation
• Active Motion
• Electroneuronography
• Motor Function