Mìžnarodnij Endokrinologìčnij Žurnal (Apr 2018)
Analysis of the prevalence and morbidity of thyroid pathology among the population of Kyiv region and Ukraine for 2007–2017
Abstract
Background. In Ukraine, there is a clear increase in the number of patients with different thyroid pathology. Indicators of the prevalence and morbidity vary in different regions of the country depending on the influence of environment factors and their combination. One of the known factors is Chornobyl accident, but the growth of thyroid pathology in least polluted areas indicates the need for a more detailed study of this problem. The purpose was to conduct an analysis on the prevalence and morbidity of thyroid pathology among the population of Kyiv region for 2007–2017. Materials and methods. Data of annual reports of medical institutions in Kyiv region for 2007–2017 were analyzed. Statistical analysis was carried out with the help of the program package Windows Office Exсel 2016 and IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0. Results. In the structure of thyroid pathology among the population of Kyiv region in 2017, the proportion of thyroiditis was 11.2 %, hypothyroidism — 4.6 %, hyperthyroidism — 2.1 %. In women, thyroiditis occurred 9.7 times more often than in men, hypothyroidism — 8.3 times and hyperthyroidism — 5.3 times. Reliable data on increased prevalence of thyroiditis were found in the region (thyroiditis — by 1.9 times (p < 0.01), hypothyroidism — 2.1 times (p < 0.01), hyperthyroidism — 1.7 times (p < 0.01)) and in Ukraine (thyroiditis — by 2.5 times (p < 0.01), hypothyroidism — 1.7 times (p < 0.01), hyperthyroidism — 1.5 times (p < 0.01)). According to the prognostic models, in the next five years, an increase is expected in the prevalence of thyroiditis, hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in the region, which may be determined by the negative effects of exogenous and endogenous factors. Conclusions. The steady increase in the prevalence and morbidity of thyroid pathology in the polluted and least polluted regions of Ukraine after the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident, an increase in the proportion of thyroiditis, hypo- and hyperthyroidism over the last decade, the predicted growth of this pathology over the next 5 years suggests the need to analyze the causes and measures of their prevention in practice of family doctors and endocrinologists.
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