Phloretin Protects Bovine Rumen Epithelial Cells from LPS-Induced Injury

Kexin Wang; Qian Lei; Huimin Ma; Maocheng Jiang; Tianyu Yang; Qianbo Ma; Osmond Datsomor; Kang Zhan; Guoqi Zhao

doi:10.3390/toxins14050337

Toxins (May 2022)

Phloretin Protects Bovine Rumen Epithelial Cells from LPS-Induced Injury

Kexin Wang,
Qian Lei,
Huimin Ma,
Maocheng Jiang,
Tianyu Yang,
Qianbo Ma,
Osmond Datsomor,
Kang Zhan,
Guoqi Zhao

Affiliations

Kexin Wang: Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Qian Lei: Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Huimin Ma: Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Maocheng Jiang: Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Tianyu Yang: Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Qianbo Ma: Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Osmond Datsomor: Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Kang Zhan: Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
Guoqi Zhao: Institute of Animal Culture Collection and Application, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins14050337
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 14, no. 5
p. 337

Abstract

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Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin that induces immune and inflammatory responses in the rumen epithelium of dairy cows. It is well-known that flavonoid phloretin (PT) exhibits anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity. The aim of this research was to explore whether PT could decrease LPS-induced damage to bovine rumen epithelial cells (BRECs) and its molecular mechanisms of potential protective efficacy. BRECs were pretreated with PT for 2 h and then stimulated with LPS for the assessment of various response indicators. The results showed that 100 µM PT had no significant effect on the viability of 10 µg/mL LPS-induced BRECs, and this dose was used in follow-up studies. The results showed that PT pre-relieved the decline in LPS-induced antioxidant indicators (T-AOC and GSH-PX). PT pretreatment resulted in decreased interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL5, CCL20) expression. The underlying mechanisms explored reveal that PT may contribute to inflammatory responses by regulating Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear transcription factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65), and ERK1/2 (p42/44) signaling pathways. Moreover, further studies found that LPS-induced BRECs showed decreased expression of claudin-related genes (ZO-1, Occludin); these were attenuated by pretreatment with PT. These results suggest that PT enhances the antioxidant properties of BRECs during inflammation, reduces gene expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and enhances barrier function. Overall, the results suggest that PT (at least in vitro) offers some protective effect against LPS-induced ruminal epithelial inflammation. Further in vivo studies should be conducted to identify strategies for the prevention and amelioration of short acute rumen acidosis (SARA) in dairy cows using PT.

Published in Toxins

ISSN: 2072-6651 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Medicine
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/toxins/

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