Journal of Inflammation Research (Jun 2021)
Identification of an Alveolar Macrophage-Related Core Gene Set in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Abstract
Chunling Zhao,1,* Jingjia Mo,2,* Xiaowen Zheng,1 Zimeng Wu,1 Qian Li,1 Jihua Feng,1 Jiefeng Luo,1 Junyu Lu,3 Jianfeng Zhang1 1Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530007, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530007, People’s Republic of China; 3Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530007, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Junyu Lu; Jianfeng ZhangThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 166 Daxuedong Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530007, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +867713277166Fax +867713277285Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a rapidly progressive diffuse lung injury that is characterized by high mortality and acute onset. The pathological mechanisms of ARDS are still unclear. But alveolar macrophages have been shown to play an important role in inflammatory responses during ARDS. We aimed to find the biomarkers for ARDS for early diagnosis, to give ARDS patients timely treatment.Methods: Gene expression profiles were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and screened for differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The common upregulated genes in all the datasets were defined as circulating ARDS alveolar macrophage-related genes (cARDSAMGs). We performed a functional enrichment analysis to explore potential biological functions of cARDSAMGs, and we built protein–protein interaction networks. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) was used to calculate the core gene set variation analysis (CGSVA) score for individual samples. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied on the CGSVA score to evaluate its ability for diagnosis of ARDS.Results: A total of 60 genes were upregulated in all ARDS datasets and were therefore denominated as cARDSAMGs. The cARDSAMGs were significantly involved in multiple inflammation-, immunity- and phagocytosis-related biological processes and pathways. In the protein–protein interaction network associated with host responses to ADRS, eight genes were identified as a core gene set: PTCRA, JAG1, C1QB, ADAM17, C1QA, MMP9, VSIG4 and TNFAIP3. ROC curve analysis showed that the CGSVA score may be considered as a biomarker for ARDS: it was significantly higher in patients with ARDS than those in healthy in both alveolar lavage fluid and whole blood.Conclusion: The ARDS alveolar macrophage-related CGSVA score may be useful as a biomarker for ARDS.Keywords: acute respiratory distress syndrome, lung injury, gene expression omnibus, differentially expressed genes
