Мелиорация и гидротехника (Nov 2023)
The impact of the area irrigated by pig breeding wastewater on surface, ground and subsurface water of the adjacent territory
Abstract
Purpose: to identify the impact of pig-breeding wastewater from the breeding-hybrid center (SGC) “Zadneprovsky”, Orsha district, Vitebsk region, on water bodies of the adjacent territory, namely on surface, ground and subsurface waters based on the results of many years of research, which gives an idea of the ecological state of the environment around large livestock complexes. Materials and methods: the influence of long-term irrigation with prepared pig wastewater has been edetermined based on studies of water quality samples from surface water sources near the complex, ground wells located at a distance of 800–1200 m from the area irrigated with wastewater, and from wells drilled to a depth of 80–230 m into the aquifer and located directly on the territory of the complex. Results. In the Krapivenka river, 500 m above the inflow of water from the Savishchino reservoir, ammonium nitrogen is found in an amount (mg per cubic dm) of 0.421 with a norm of 0.39, nitrite nitrogen – 0.025 with a maximum admissible concentration (MAC) of 0.024, phosphate phosphorus – 0.132 with a norm of 0.066 mg in cube dm. In the wells of the adjacent settlement of Krashino, located at a distance of 4600 m from the irrigation system of the Zadneprovsky SGC, excesses of MAC or nitrates were recorded. The nitrate content in well No. 1 was 1150 (mg per cubic dm), which is 25 times higher than the maximum admissible concentration. For wells No. 2 and 3, these values were 136 and 219, respectively, the excesses were 3 and 5 times. Exceeding the MAC for nutrients was not detected in subsurface water. Conclusions: pollution of surface waters located in close proximity to the pig-breeding complex is associated with violation of the technological regulations for storage and discharge of pig breeding wastewater. The increased content of nitrates in wells is due to their entry with groundwater, and pig waste does not have a significant impact on groundwater lying below the confining layer composed of clayey moraine deposits.
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