Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity (Mar 2020)
Guava Leaf Extract Attenuates Insulin Resistance via the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway in a Type 2 Diabetic Mouse Model
Abstract
Qiong Yang,1,* Yu-Mei Wen,1,* Jing Shen,1 Mei-Mei Chen,1 Jiang-Hua Wen,2 Zheng-Ming Li,3 Yu-Zhen Liang,3,* Ning Xia1,* 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Health Examination, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, Guangdong 529070, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ning XiaDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 77 1280 2380Email [email protected] and Objective: Insulin resistance is well known to exhibit essential effects on the progression of diabetes mellitus (DM). Guava leaf was also reported to exhibit anti-diabetic effects including decreasing blood glucose. Therefore, this present study aims to explore the role guava leaf extract (GLE) plays in insulin resistance and its mechanism of action via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Methods: KK-Ay mice is a spontaneous genetic type 2 diabetes mouse model induced by feeding a high fat and high sugar diet. Mice were randomly assigned into three groups: diabetic mice (DM), DM + MET (diabetic mice treated with metformin) and DM + GLE (diabetic mice treated with GLE) groups. After 8 weeks of treatment, body weight and levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fasting insulin and lipids in plasma were measured. Mice were sacrificed and mRNA and protein expression of insulin receptor substrate1 (IRS1), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and serine/threonine kinase protein B (Akt) in livers were measured.Results: GLE markedly reduced body weight, FPG, fasting insulin and insulin resistance index but increased the insulin sensitivity index of diabetic KK-Ay mice. Moreover, GLE upregulated the expression of IRS-1, PI3K and Akt mRNAs in livers of diabetic KK-Ay mice. In addition, GLE also elevated IRS-1, PI3K, Akt, p-PI3K and p-Akt protein expression in their livers. The results of the DM + MET group were similar to those of the DM + GLE group.Conclusion: GLE plays anti-diabetic roles by ameliorating insulin resistance in KK-Ay diabetic mice and this is related to the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.Keywords: diabetes, guava leaf extract, insulin resistance, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway
