Aspekti Publìčnogo Upravlìnnâ (Aug 2016)
Genesis of public administration in sphere of civil protection in Ukraine during its independent years
Abstract
The formation and development of public administration in the field of civil protection in Ukraine has been analyzed including its reform, regulatory and legal support, and organizational management of all civil protection links. Since the Declaration of the Independence, the formation of the national system of protection of population and territories from emergency situations were assigned to Civil defense headquarters being the central executive authority subordinated to the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine. Civil protection of Ukraine has become an important element of national security. Importantly, the Prime - Minister of Ukraine had been assigned to be the head of Civil Protection of Ukraine, as well as the heads of executive bodies had been assigned to become heads of Civil Protection in the regions. In order to improve the governance in the field of civil protection, the Ministry of Ukraine on Emergencies and Affairs of Population’s Protection from Consequences of Chernobyl Catastrophe had been established in 1996. The adoption of the Code of Civil Defense of Ukraine (October 2, 2012) was extremely important, as it is the only systematic legislative act on civil protection. Consequently, the issue and the implementation of Decrees of the President of Ukraine, acts of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, which determined tasks and functions, mechanisms of formation and realization of state policy in this area have become very important, including the reassignment of the State department of fire security from the Ministry of Internal Affairs in 2003 to the Fire Extinguishing and Emergency Response. Both governmental body and its subordinate authorities, institutions and units that contributed to the unification of forces and means had been reassigned. On December 24, 2012 the Ministry of Emergencies of Ukraine and the State Inspectorate of technological security of Ukraine had been reorganized into the State Emergency Service of Ukraine (hereinafter - the SES of Ukraine), which was coordinated by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine through the Minister of Defense of Ukraine (since April 25, 2014 it is coordinated by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine through the Minister of Interior of Ukraine) The responsibility of SES of Ukraine is to implement the state policy in the sphere of civil protection of population and territories from emergency situations, to prevent, to respond emergently, to rescue, to firefight, to maintain fire and technological safety, to provide search and rescue service and hydrometeorological activity. Positive experience of public administration in the sphere of civil protection, which has been gained in Ukraine, will be useful in the further reform of the civil protection according to the European standards.
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