Frontiers in Oncology (Feb 2021)
Prognostic and Therapeutic Roles of the Insulin Growth Factor System in Glioblastoma
- Elena Tirrò,
- Elena Tirrò,
- Michele Massimino,
- Michele Massimino,
- Chiara Romano,
- Chiara Romano,
- Federica Martorana,
- Federica Martorana,
- Federica Martorana,
- Maria Stella Pennisi,
- Maria Stella Pennisi,
- Stefania Stella,
- Stefania Stella,
- Giuliana Pavone,
- Giuliana Pavone,
- Sandra Di Gregorio,
- Sandra Di Gregorio,
- Adriana Puma,
- Adriana Puma,
- Cristina Tomarchio,
- Cristina Tomarchio,
- Silvia Rita Vitale,
- Silvia Rita Vitale,
- Livia Manzella,
- Livia Manzella,
- Paolo Vigneri,
- Paolo Vigneri,
- Paolo Vigneri
Affiliations
- Elena Tirrò
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Elena Tirrò
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- Michele Massimino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Michele Massimino
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- Chiara Romano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Chiara Romano
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- Federica Martorana
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Federica Martorana
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- Federica Martorana
- Medical Oncology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- Maria Stella Pennisi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Maria Stella Pennisi
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- Stefania Stella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Stefania Stella
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- Giuliana Pavone
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- Giuliana Pavone
- Medical Oncology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- Sandra Di Gregorio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Sandra Di Gregorio
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- Adriana Puma
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Adriana Puma
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- Cristina Tomarchio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Cristina Tomarchio
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- Silvia Rita Vitale
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Silvia Rita Vitale
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- Livia Manzella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Livia Manzella
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- Paolo Vigneri
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Paolo Vigneri
- Center of Experimental Oncology and Hematology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- Paolo Vigneri
- Medical Oncology, A.O.U. Policlinico “G. Rodolico—San Marco”, Catania, Italy
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2020.612385
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 10
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary brain malignancy and is often resistant to conventional treatments due to its extensive cellular heterogeneity. Thus, the overall survival of GBM patients remains extremely poor. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling entails a complex system that is a key regulator of cell transformation, growth and cell-cycle progression. Hence, its deregulation is frequently involved in the development of several cancers, including brain malignancies. In GBM, differential expression of several IGF system components and alterations of this signaling axis are linked to significantly worse prognosis and reduced responsiveness to temozolomide, the most commonly used pharmacological agent for the treatment of the disease. In the present review we summarize the biological role of the IGF system in the pathogenesis of GBM and comprehensively discuss its clinical significance and contribution to the development of resistance to standard chemotherapy and experimental treatments.
Keywords
- insulin/insulin-like growth factor system
- insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway
- IGF-binding protein
- glioblastoma
- drug resistance
