Archivos Latinoamericanos de Nutrición (Sep 2004)
Efecto de un desayuno con alto contenido en grasa o en carbohidratos sobre el perfil de lípidos posprandial en individuos sanos con y sin antecedente familiar de diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Abstract
El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de un desayuno con alto contenido en grasa o en carbohidratos sobre el perfil de lípidos posprandial en individuos sanos con y sin el antecedente familiar en primera línea de diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Se realizó un ensayo clínico, ciego simple, controlado con grupos paralelos, en 20 jóvenes sanos; 10 con antecedente familiar de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y 10 sin dicho antecedente. De cada grupo, la mitad de los individuos recibió al azar un desayuno con alto contenido en grasa y el resto uno alto en carbohidratos. Se determinó un perfil metabólico que incluyó medición de ayuno y posprandial de lípidos, así como estimación de la sensibilidad a la insulina. Se encontró una menor concentración del colesterol de las lipoproteínas de alta densidad (p Effect of a high fat or high carbohydrate breakfast on postprandial lipid profile in healthy subjects with or without family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a high fat or high carbohydrate breakfast on postprandial lipid profile in healthy subjects with or without family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus. A single blind, controlled clinical trial with parallel groups was performed in 20 healthy subjects; 10 subjects with family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and 10 individuals without that background. Each group was randomized to receive a high fat or high carbohidrate breakfast. A metabolic profile that included fasting and postprandial lipids, as well as, the assessment of insulin sensitivity were performed. Lower high-lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0,02) and apolipoprotein A1 (p < 0,03) concentrations were found in subjects with family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus than those without that background. In this same above mentioned group with the high carbohydrate breakfast, there were significant increments in apoliprotein B at minute 300 (p < 0,03) and in triglycerides at minute 360 (p < 0,03). In the group without family history of diabetes that received the high fat breakfast, there were increments in triglycerides (p < 0,03) and very-low density lipoprotein concentrations at minute 180 (p < 0,03). In conclusion, healthy subjects with family history of type 2 diabetes showed some atherogenic characteristics in their metabolic profile, and the high carbohydrate breakfast produced in them increments in apolipoprotein B and in triglycerides, meanwhile that, in those subjects without such background the high fast breakfast produced unfavorable effects on their lipid concentrations.
