Hydrothermal Co-Liquefaction of Food and Plastic Waste for Biocrude Production

Abstract

In this study, hydrothermal co-liquefaction of restaurant waste for biocrude production was conducted. The feedstock was resembled using the organic fraction of restaurant waste and low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyethylene terephthalate, four plastic types commonly present in municipal solid waste. Using design of experiment and a face-centered central composite design, three factors (feedstock plastic fraction, temperature, time) were varied at three levels each: feedstock plastic fraction (0, 0.25, 0.5), temperature (290 °C, 330 °C, 370 °C), and reaction time (0 min, 30 min, 60 min). The literature reports positive synergistic interactions in hydrothermal co-liquefaction of biomass and plastics; however, in this work, only negative synergistic interactions could be observed. A reason could be the high thermal stability of produced fatty acids that give little room for interactions with plastics. At the same time, mass might transfer to other product phases.

Keywords

• co-liquefaction
• co-HTL
• food waste
• restaurant waste
• HTL
• biooil