Photocatalytic CO₂ Reduction and Electrocatalytic H₂ Evolution over Pt(0,II,IV)-Loaded Oxidized Ti Sheets

Abstract

Energy recycling and production using abundant atmospheric CO2 and H2O have increasingly attracted attention for solving energy and environmental problems. Herein, Pt-loaded Ti sheets were prepared by sputter-deposition and Pt4+-reduction methods, and their catalytic activities on both photocatalytic CO2 reduction and electrochemical hydrogen evolution were fully demonstrated. The surface chemical states were completely examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy before and after CO2 reduction. Gas chromatography confirmed that CO, CH4, and CH3OH were commonly produced as CO2 reduction products with total yields up to 87.3, 26.9, and 88.0 μmol/mol, respectively for 700 °C-annealed Ti under UVC irradiation for 13 h. Pt-loading commonly negated the CO2 reduction yields, but CH4 selectivity was increased. Electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity showed the highest activity for sputter-deposited Pt on 400 °C-annealed Ti with a HER current density of 10.5 mA/cm2 at −0.5 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The activities of CO2 reduction and HER were found to be significantly dependent on both the nature of Ti support and the oxidation states (0,II,IV) of overlayer Pt. The present result could provide valuable information for designing efficient Pt/Ti-based CO2 recycle photocatalysts and electrochemical hydrogen production catalysts.

Keywords

• energy recycling
• photocatalytic CO₂ reduction
• electrochemical hydrogen evolution
• Ti oxide
• Pt oxidation state