Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and Intracerebral Haemorrhage

Abstract

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is increasingly recognised, particularly as a cause of intracerebral haemorrhage and dementia. CAA may present to the clinical neurologist in a range of circumstances, including inpatient or outpatient general neurology (with the subacute encephalopathy of CAA-related inflammation, or transient focal neurological episodes), dementia clinics (in particular in association with Alzheimer’s disease) and, of course, in the context of acute stroke (intracerebral haemorrhage). This clinical review article presents an overview of the key clinical, neuropathological and imaging findings in CAA, as well as a practical review of the challenging management aspects relevant to CAA-related intracerebral haemorrhage.