A Study on Using Cyperus Alternifolius for Horizontal Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetland in Municipal Wastewater Treatment

Abstract

Constructed wetlands (CWs) are engineered systems that utilize natural materials including wetland vegetation, soils and their associated microbial assemblages. Horizontal Subsurface flow (HSSF) as a kind of subsurface flow CW, used commonly in the world since the 1990s but its application in municipal wastewater treatment in Vietnam is still limited. Cyperus alternifolius is wetland plants in HSSF CW to remove pollutants such as N, P and heavy metals. This study aimed at evaluating pollutants removal efficiency of HSSF CW using Cyperus alternifolius as in wetlands under Vietnamese conditions.