The Organic Matter of Chernozem

Abstract

Theories and points of view of soil science classics, such as V. V. Dokuchaev, I. V. Turin and M. M. Kononva on chernozem organic matter are reviewed in this work. The achievements of the leading researches of soil biology and biochemistry of Dokuchaev Soil Science Institute (D. V. Khan, M. Sh. Shaimuhammetov, N. A. Titova etc.) in the investigation of chemical and physical functioning of organic matter and the products of organo-mineral interaction of chernozemic soils. The author variant of level system for organic matter content in chernozem is presented in the work. The level system consists of minimal, median, maximal and critical levels. The convergent scheme of the investigation of the organo-mineral interactions of soils is presented. This scheme combines the Savvinov sieve method in modification of Khan and granulo-densimetric fractionation functioning by Shaimuhammetov-Travnikova, chemical and biokinetic fractionation. The particular examples of the application of this scheme on chernozems in conditions of long-term experiments is presented.

Keywords

• органическое вещество
• гумус
• химическое фракционирование
• физическое фракционирование
• чернозем
• organic matter
• humus
• chemical fractionation
• physical fractionation
• chernozem