Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology (Dec 2014)
The Use of DNA Microsatellite Markers for Genetic Diversity Identification of Soybean (Glycine max (L) Meriil.) as a Supplementary Method in Reference Collections Management
Abstract
Large number of new soybean varieties are mostly derived from crosses of elite genotypes resulted in a narrowing of both the genetic diversity and the phylogenetic relationship between soybean varieties. Thus, discrimination among soybean varieties is becoming more diffi cult, especially when morphological traits were applied. In Plant Variety Protection (PVP) system, new varieties of soybeans including granted PVP right, local and breeding varieties registered in PVP offi ce were frequently increased, implicate on increasingly the number of soybean varieties collections. To assist the management of varieties collections, a standard fi ngerprinting data is further needed. In comparison to the management of plant collection in the fi eld, molecular marker systems which are rapid, reliable, informative and relatively simple are continually sought for practical applications in germplasm conservation, management and enhancement. This study aimed to identify the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of soybean varieties that have earned PVP Right as well as local varieties and breeding varieties registered in the PVP offi ce using microsatellite or simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. This study was conducted in Molecular Biology laboratory, Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD) Bogor, from February to May 2013. The data were analyzed using the genetic analysis package NTSYSpc 2.02i and PowerMarker V3.25. The result showed a relatively narrow genetic diversity among 45 varieties of soybean analyzed in present study which were indicated by the small number of genotypes and total number of alleles (NA), and the low value of gene diversity and PIC values (<0.75). Cluster analysis showed that the grouping varieties are not related to morphological characters but related to phylogeny relationship between varieties. Despite the group of varieties were not clustered in accordance with morphological characteristics, SSR marker can be a powerful tool for discriminating varieties, so that it could be useful for initial varieties identity in conjunction with genetic diversity analysis.
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