Arta Medica (Oct 2020)
ONSET OF CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Abstract
Objectives. Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect any organ or system. It develops on the background of genetically imperfect immunity, associated with hyperproduction of anti-nuclear antibodies. It is characterized by a variety of clinical signs. The aim of the study was to determine specific clinical features in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Material and methods. A total of 64 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus arthritis were examined, which were consecutively admitted in the Rheumatology Department of the Clinical Republican Hospital ”Timofei Moșneaga”, Chișinău, Republic of Moldova, in 2019. To determine the clinical features of patients, a questionnaire was completed, according to the diagnostic criteria, risc factor, etc. The data obtained was statistically analyzed. Results. Of all examined patients, 52 (81.4%) were women and 12 (18.6%) were men. The mean age of the examined patients was 48.3 ± 8.7 years, the duration of the disease was, in average, 12.15 ± 9.32 years. In the examined group, 98% had musculoskeletal manifestations and, at the same time, 85% showed mucocutaneous manifestations. The most common sign was alopecia at 89.06%, and malar rush at 60.9% of patients. Cardiovascular pathology was found in 35.7%, and pulmonary at 63,8% patients. At the analysis of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 30.3% of them had renal involvement, manifested by proteinuria in 47.8% and hematuria in 31.3%. Central nervous system pathology was manifested by 78,5% headache and polyneuropthy in 24,6% of patients. Conclusions. Musculoskeletal manifestations are the most common in systemic lupus erythematosus. It is necessary to conduct investigations of the respiratory, cardiovascular, renal and nervous systems in systemic lupus erythematosus, at the early stages, for timely determination of the pathology and treatment.
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