NEED FOR DIGITALISATION TO PROVIDE SECURITY? A comparative study on the member states of the European Union

Abstract

This pioneering study endeavours to ascertain how the Covid-19 pandemic impacted on digitalisation in the European Union member states. The second objective is to elucidate the ties between digitalisation and security in terms of military spending, security threats, and the government effectiveness. Whilst using hierarchical clustering, it was detected that theera of pandemic had diversified the EU member states even more. The fixed-effect model confirmed that changes in digitalisation had been associated solely with government efectiveness.

Keywords

• digitalistaion
• security
• cybersecurity
• european union
• armed forces
• threats