Direct Somatic Embryogenesis in Commercial Varieties of Corchorus L.: Morphological, Histo-chemical, and Ultrastructural Aspects

Abstract

Corchorus L. is an eminent source of industrial fibers. To understand the regeneration capacity, somatic embryogenesis (SEG) has been investigated. In this study, leaf explants are used for induction of the direct somatic embryos (DSEs). Light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) has been implemented to confirm the DSEs. The influences of genotypes and plant growth regulators (PGRs) on the SEG have also been evaluated. Among the four studied verities, var. JRC 517 has shown a maximum response aftre one month of dark condition in 0.5 mg l−1IAA with 0.03 mg l−1 kin fortified basal medium. The germination rate of the DSEs is obtained about 54.8% in 1 mg l−1 GA3 fortified media. The subsequent rate of plantlets conversion has achieved about 31.8% in ½ MS media. The presence of polysaccharide and protein is observed as reserved material upon histochemical study. The unicellular origin of DSE has been confirmed by the cyto-histochemical study. Abbreviations: 2,4-D, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid; DAPI, 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DSE, direct somatic embryos; GA3, gibberellic acid; IAA, indole-3-acetic acid; MS medium, Murashige and Skoog medium; NBB, naphthol blue-black; PAS, periodic acid-Schiff; PGR, plant growth regulators; PCA, principal component analysis; SEG, somatic embryogenesis; SEM, scanning electron microscopy

Keywords

• jrc 517
• embryo induction
• conversion
• principal component analysis (pca)