Positively and Negatively Round Turbulent Buoyant Jets into Homogeneous Calm Ambient

Abstract

A mathematical model has been employed to determine the characteristics of Boussinesq round buoyant jets which are injected horizontally or at an angle to horizontal, into a homogeneous, calm ambient. The solution of a system of three conservation first order nonlinear differential equations was obtained with a 4th Runge-Kutta scheme, using an entrainment coefficient which is related to the local Richardson number of the flow. Two types of positively and negatively buoyant jets were investigated (i) those where the buoyancy is a function of salinity henceforth called saline jets, and (ii) those where the buoyancy is a function of the temperature difference between jet and ambient fluid, henceforth called thermal jets.

Keywords

• saline jet
• thermal jet
• entrainment
• positive buoyancy
• negative buoyancy
• trajectory
• average dilution