5-year results of cutting or scoring balloon before drug-eluting balloon to treat in-stent restenosis

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction and objectives: Drug-eluting balloon (DEB) angioplasty is an effective technique to treat in-stent restenosis (ISR). Neointimal modification with cutting balloon (CB) or scoring balloon (SB) enhances the angiographic results of DEB, but with no benefits have been reported in the clinical endpoints at the mid-term. There is lack of information on the clinical long-term results of this strategy. We aim to compare very long-term results of CB before DEB vs standard DEB to treat real-world patients with ISR. Methods: Retrospective cohort registry of DEB PCIs to treat ISR defined by the use of CB. The primary endpoint was clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) at 5 years. The secondary endpoints were based on the ARC-2 criteria. Results: From January 2010 to December 2015, 107 ISRs were treated with DEB in 91 patients. CBs were used in 51 lesions (46 patients). Both cohorts were well balanced regarding clinical, lesion, and procedural characteristics. Compared to standard DEBs, CBs showed lower, although statistically non-significant rates, of TLR at 5 years (9.8% vs 23.6%, OR, 0.36; 95% confidence interval 0.19 to 1.09 P = .05). The Kaplan-Meier cumulative incidence of time until TLR showed similar results (log-rank test P value = .05) with similar rates of TLR at 1 year (3.9% vs 7.1%, P = .68) as curve separation in the long-term. There were no differences in the secondary endpoints. No stent thrombosis was reported. Conclusions: In a real-world setting, neointimal modification with CB before DEB vs standard DEB to treat ISR shows lower, although statistically non-significant rates of TLR at 5 years. This benefit has been confirmed in the long-term and is consistent with bare-metal and drug-eluting stents.

Keywords

• Balón farmacoactivo
• Reestenosis
• Balón de corte