Precision medicine in pharmacy: assessing pharmacogenomics competence among pharmacists and pharmacy students

Abstract

Background Pharmacogenomics, a key component of precision medicine, aims to improve healthcare outcomes. As pharmacists play a pivotal role in this evolving field, an assessment of their preparedness to apply pharmacogenomics is imperative.Methods In this cross-sectional study, a validated questionnaire (Content Validity Ratio > 0.741, p 0.7) gathered data on demographics, knowledge, attitudes, barriers, and confidence in pharmacogenomics among pharmacists and pharmacy students in Jordan. Statistical analysis assessed associations and their strength within the collected data and variables.Results This study included 514 pharmacists and pharmacy students. Knowledge scores were moderate and correlated with academic level and pharmacy school attended. Most participants were open to providing pharmacogenomics testing and interpretation through pharmacy services, but the majority demonstrated concerns about potential misinterpretation of test results and the resulting patients’ anxiety. Students cited limited accessibility, while pharmacists identified the lack of standardised guidelines as the main roadblock.Conclusion This study highlights the need for education to prepare pharmacists for their role in pharmacogenomics. Despite positive attitudes from pharmacists, addressing knowledge gaps, the low confidence in recommending pharmacogenomics tests, and concerns about implementation are essential.

Keywords

• Pharmacogenomics
• pharmacy students
• pharmacists
• genetic testing
• genetics