Expert Perspectives on the Vaccination of Individuals Who Are at Increased Risk of Meningococcal Disease Due to Medical Conditions: A Podcast

Abstract

Abstract Patients with functional or anatomic asplenia, including sickle cell anemia; complement component deficiency; or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have a significantly increased risk of developing meningococcal disease. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends vaccination with a quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine against serogroups A, C, W, and Y (MenACWY) for individuals 2 months of age or older who are diagnosed with functional or anatomic asplenia, complement component deficiency, or HIV infection. Vaccination with a meningococcal vaccine against serogroup B (MenB) is also recommended for individuals 10 years of age or older who are diagnosed with functional or anatomic asplenia or complement component deficiency. Despite these recommendations, recent studies have shown that vaccination coverage in these populations is low. In this podcast, the authors discuss the challenges for implementing vaccine recommendations for individuals with medical conditions at increased risk of developing meningococcal disease and discuss strategies to increase coverage. Suboptimal vaccination rates could be addressed by better educating healthcare providers about recommendations for MenACWY and MenB vaccines in individuals at increased risk, increasing awareness of low vaccination coverage, and tailoring the education to the needs of particular healthcare providers and their respective patient populations. Barriers to vaccination could also be removed by administering vaccines at alternative sites of care, bundling preventative services, and implementing vaccination reminder systems that are tied to immunization information systems.

Keywords

• Asplenia
• Complement component deficiency
• HIV
• Meningococcal vaccination