Factors influencing the third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose acceptance among older adults in northern Thailand

Abstract

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes more deaths in older adults than in younger adults. Older adults are a vulnerable group with a high need for coronavirus vaccines to decrease the severity of the disease. The aim of this analytical cross-sectional study was to determine the factors influencing third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose acceptance among older adults in northern Thailand. Methods The study samples were composed of 2,155 older adults living in Kamphaeng Phet Province, northern Thailand. They were randomly selected by multistage random sampling. Data were collected in a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 7 parts: (1) personal factors, (2) knowledge about COVID-19, (3) perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 infection, (4) perceived severity of COVID-19, (5) perceived benefits of the third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose, (6) perceived barriers to the third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose vaccination, and (7) the third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose acceptance. Data were analyzed via frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and binary logistic regression. All the significance levels were set to 0.05. Results The results indicated that only 28.5% of older adults accepted the third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose. The factors influencing third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose acceptance among older adults included 5 variables. The participants aged ≥ 70 years was 1.37 times (95%CI = 1.12–1.69) greater than those aged < 70 years who accepted the vaccine. Participants who were married were more likely to accept the vaccine by 1.39 times (95%CI = 1.09–1.79) compared with single individuals. Those with underlying diseases tended to accept the vaccine by 1.56 times (95%CI = 1.26–1.92) more than those without underlying diseases. Those who had high perceived benefit from the COVID-19 vaccine possibly accepted the vaccine by 1.50 times (95%CI = 1.10–2.04) more than those with low perceived benefit, and those who had a low perceived barrier to the third COVID-19 booster dose vaccination seemed to accept the vaccine by 1.29 times (95%CI = 1.01–1.52) more than those with a high perceived benefit. Conclusion Older adults should receive health education regarding the perceived benefit of the COVID-19 vaccine and the perceived barrier to COVID-19 vaccination, especially older adults aged < 70 years, those who are single, and those who are free of underlying diseases.

Keywords

• Third booster dose
• COVID-19 vaccine
• Acceptance
• Older adults
• Thailand