Parkinson’s Kinetigraph for Wearable Sensor Detection of Clinically Unrecognized Early-Morning Akinesia in Parkinson’s Disease: A Case Report-Based Observation

Abstract

Early-morning off periods, causing early-morning akinesia, can lead to significant motor and nonmotor morbidity in levodopa-treated fluctuating Parkinson’s disease (PD) cases. Despite validated bedside scales in clinical practice, such early-morning off periods may remain undetected unless specific wearable technologies, such as the Parkinson’s KinetiGraph™ (PKG) watch, are used. We report five PD cases for whom the PKG detected early-morning off periods that were initially clinically undetected and as such, untreated. These five cases serve as exemplars of this clinical gap in care. Post-PKG assessment, clinicians were alerted and targeted therapies helped abolish the early-morning off periods.

Keywords

• Parkinson’s disease
• PKG
• early-morning off
• early-morning akinesia