Plant macrofossils from the site of Tell Arbid, Northeast Syria(3rd–2nd millennium BC). Preliminary report

Abstract

The paper presents preliminary results of an analysis of 51 samples of plant macrofossilscoming from various archaeological contexts from the site of Tell Arbid in Northeast Syria.The contexts were dated mainly to the 3rd millennium BC (EJI–EJV) with a few being of2nd millennium BC date (Khabur Ware and Mitanni periods). Cultivated plants were representedby cereals and pulses. The cultivation of at least three cereal species is documented, includinga hulled variety of two-rowed barley, glumed einkorn and/or emmer wheat, and a species of nakedwheat, probably macaroni wheat. Vegetables included lentil, bitter vetch, grass pea, and garden pea.Plants from the Ninevite 5 period (EJI–EJII) and their significance in the Tell Arbid economy arediscussed in greater detail owing to the highest number of samples studied.

Keywords

• cereals
• agriculture
• pulses
• Tell Arbid
• Syria
• Ninevite 5