International Journal of Women's Health (Sep 2022)
Do SARS-CoV-2-Infected Pregnant Women Have Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes as Compared to Non-Infected Pregnant Women?
Abstract
Syed Nawaz Ahmad,1 Duri Sameen,1 Mansoor Ahmad Dar,2 Romaan Jallu,3 Tajali Nazir Shora,4 Mansi Dhingra5 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Government Medical College Anantnag, Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir, India; 2Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College Anantnag, Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir, India; 3Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College Srinagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India; 4Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College Anantnag, Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir, India; 5Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vaga Hospital, Lucknow, IndiaCorrespondence: Mansoor Ahmad Dar, Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir, Tel +919596010111, Email [email protected] Romaan Jallu, Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190010, India, Tel +916006888061, Email [email protected]: To determine the feto-maternal outcome in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 in comparison to non-infected pregnant women and plan management strategies.Patients and Methods: A retrospective review of case records in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology for 1 year was conducted. A total of 6468 case files fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Patients who tested positive for SARS CoV-2 and fulfilled inclusion criteria were labeled as cases, whereas patients who tested negative were labeled as controls. Outcome measures including lower segment cesarean section (LSCS) rate, maternal and neonatal intensive care admission and feto-maternal mortality were compared between the two groups.Results: Our hospital was not an exclusive COVID-19 designated center, and 117 patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 fulfilling the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Fever (67.52%), cough (56.41%), and altered smell (45.29%) were the frequently reported symptoms. Pneumonia affected 16.23% of the cases. LSCS rate was significantly higher in the COVID-19-infected patients (72.41%; OR 2.19; 95% CI 1.46– 3.34; p< 0.001). The rate of maternal ICU admission in COVID-19-infected pregnant women was 11.96% as compared to 0.8% in the non-infected women (OR 16.76; 95% CI 8.72– 30.77; p< 0.001). We observed a significantly higher maternal mortality in COVID-19-infected women (2.56%) [OR 41.61; 95% CI 7.65– 203.5; p< 0.001]. Viral RNA was detected in cord blood and nasopharyngeal swab of one neonate. The neonatal death ratio was high in infected mothers (2.6%) [OR 8.6; 95% CI 1.99– 27.23; p< 0.001].Conclusion: Significant maternal morbidity, mortality, and neonatal mortality were observed in COVID-19-positive patients.Keywords: COVID-19, ICU, cesarean, mortality, maternal, neonatal
