Epilepsy gene prickle ensures neuropil glial ensheathment through regulating cell adhesion molecules

Abstract

Summary: Human PRICKLE1 gene has been associated with epilepsy. However, the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms remain elusive. Here we report a Drosophila prickle mutant pkIG1-1 exhibiting strong epileptic seizures and, intriguingly, abnormal glial wrapping. We found that pk is required in both neurons and glia, particularly neuropil ensheathing glia (EGN), the fly analog of oligodendrocyte, for protecting the animal from seizures. We further revealed that Pk directly binds to the membrane skeleton binding protein Ankyrin 2 (Ank2), thereby regulating the cell adhesion molecule Neuroglian (Nrg). Such protein interactions also apply to their human homologues. Moreover, nrg and ank2 mutant flies also display seizure phenotypes, and expression of either Nrg or Ank2 rescues the seizures of pkIG1-1 flies. Therefore, our findings indicate that Prickle ensures neuron-glial interaction within neuropils through regulating cell adhesion between neurons and ensheathing glia. Dysregulation of this process may represent a conserved pathogenic mechanism underlying PRICKLE1-associated epilepsy.

Keywords

• Cell biology
• Molecular physiology
• Neuroscience