Association between Biological Age and Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Biological age is a reliable indicator reflecting the real physiological state and aging status of individuals. This study was aimed at exploring the association between biological age and contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI). Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 4078 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing coronary angiography (CAG). Biological age was calculated according to chronological age and blood biomarkers, and the “age gap,” reflecting retardation or acceleration of biological aging, was further determined. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association of the biological age and age gap with CA-AKI. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and subgroup analysis were also conducted. Results: Among the 4078 patients (68.00 [61.00, 74.00] years, 2680 (65.7%) men), 725 CA-AKI cases were identified. Older biological age (≥79.3 vs. <79.3 years, OR [95% CI] = 3.319 [2.714 to 4.059]) and greater age gap (≥1.12 vs. <1.12, OR [95% CI] = 2.700 [2.240 to 3.256]) were independent risk factors for CA-AKI (both P <0.001). ROC analysis indicated that biological age (AUC = 0.672) and age gap (AUC = 0.672) had better predictive ability for CA-AKI than chronological age (AUC = 0.583). Subgroup analysis also indicated similar findings (all P <0.001). Conclusion: Biological age was found to be an independent risk factor for CA-AKI after CAG, with better predictive value than chronological age.