Revista Ciencias de la Salud (Apr 2008)
Idiopathic Hypercalciuria: Risk Factors for Symptomatic Forms in Children in the Fundación Cardioinfantil
Abstract
Idiopathic Hypercalciuria (IH) is a metabolicdisease, in most cases asymptomatic, but some patientsexpress complaints consistent with hematuria,polaquiuria, dysuria, urinary incontinence,enuresis and abdominal or back pain, that affectsactivities of children, can lead to repetitive consultand secundary cost. Is necessary the clinical suspectfor oportune diagnosis and treatment.Objective. To determine the factors thathasten the development of symptomatic Hypercalciuria:calciuria magnitude, urolithiasisfamily history, gender, age and urinary excretionof calcium oxalate. The final purpose is tospread the knowledge of the disease in the medicalcommunity.Materials and methods. We studied 60 childrenbetween two and thirteen years with IHdiagnosis at an outpatient clinic, in a not matchedcase-control study (1,4 : 1 ratio), to determine therelationship between factors and IH symptoms.In stadistical analysis of associations we used theFisher test and Chi squared of Pearson in significancylevel of 5% (p<0.05). For determine theassociation force we calculed the odds ratios (OR)with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Also,the variables that in conjunct explain symptomaticIH, controling the confussional variables withan inconditional logistic regression analysis, witha significancy level of 5% (p<0.05).Results. We established the associations betwenthe folowing factors and symptomatic IH:male gender (p = 0.006; OR = 6.2; IC = 1.6-24.5)and calciuria magnitude (p = 0,003). With lowstadistic difference, we found positive familyhistory of urolithiasis (p = 0.018; OR 4.889(IC = 1.26-19.48) and age increment (p = 0.044).The presence of urine calium oxalate doesn’t showrelation with IH symptoms (p = 0.2; OR = 0.59;IC = 0.17-1.49).Conclusions. Children with elevated valuesof calciuria (above 6 mg/kg/day) and malegender, may have a higher risk of symptomaticIH. Urolithiasis familiar history and age incrementwere frequent in patients with symptoms,without stadistic diferences. The presence ofurine calcium oxalate doesn’t influence IHsymptoms.
