Optimal organization of dry lands in case study of Uzbekistan

Abstract

The article showed that the internal land development projects, which include the organization of the territory, along with other measures, will give certain positive results in the rational organization of the use of dry land. Land planning projects developed based on land assessment data create an opportunity to optimize areas of arid lands and crops and justify the economic and technical-organizational aspects of the effective organization of agricultural production in these areas. The results of the conducted scientific research confirmed that in organizing the use of dry arable land in the plain region, first, it is of great importance to search for water sources in these areas, including the study of underground water sources and to positively solve the issues of water extraction by digging artesian wells. Using the data of soil monitoring in dry areas, the soil's natural fertility, its production characteristics, and the possibilities of its use in agriculture were considered to organize the agriculture of the region. Special agrotechnology for soils in dry areas was proposed. In this case, the use of secondary resources available in the republic (low-grade phosphorite, non-traditional agro-ores, various wastes) in field conditions on low-productivity lands (credit score below 40); it was recommended to obtain new organ mineral fertilizers by applying biotechnological methods on farmlands. Organ mineral fertilizers are prepared by composting based on manure and low-grade coal phosphorites in a ratio of 9:1 for 4 months. Other organ mineral fertilizers are made because of Angren low-grade coal and Central Kyzyl-Kum phosphorite flour. These fertilizers have been tested in farm conditions. The use of the proposed technology is resource efficient and solves environmental problems. When applying this technology, soil fertility is restored and improved, the amount of organic matter and organic matter in it increases year by year, the cost of mineral fertilizers is 30-40% and more, and the cost of organic fertilizer is 3-4 times allows to reduce. According to the research results, an additional harvest of 10-12 s/h was obtained from winter wheat.