Modulating light absorption and multiferroic properties of BiFeO3-based ferroelectric films by the introduction of ZnO layer

Abstract

Pure bismuth ferrite (BiFeO _3 , BFO) and ZnO thin films, as well as BFO/ZnO and ZnO/BFO composite thin films were successfully deposited by a sol-gel process on Pt/Ti/SiO _2 /Si and FTO/glass substrates, respectively. The chemical composition, surface morphology, optical properties, and multiferroicity were systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy measurements were used to determine the crystalline phase and to analyze the surface morphology. Evidently, the absorption edges of both BFO/ZnO and ZnO/BFO films show a redshift, broadening the absorption range. The leakage current density decreases with the introduction of ZnO, and the ferroelectricity was significantly improved of the bilayers. Thereinto, BFO/ZnO and ZnO/BFO show the highest saturate polarization (2 P _s ) of 46.7 μ c cm ^−2 and the maximum remanent polarization (2 P _r ) of 18.5 μ c cm ^−2 , respectively. Meanwhile, the magnetization measurement revealed that both BFO/ZnO and ZnO/BFO exhibiting an enhanced magnetization, especially, BFO/ZnO displays the highest saturation magnetization (2 M _s , 68.87 emu cm ^−3 ) and remanent magnetization (2 M _r , 4.87 emu cm ^−3 ).

Keywords

• multiferroic heterostructure
• thin film
• sol-gel