Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical (Nov 2008)

BIOCHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES OF TWO SAVANNAH SOILS UNDER DIFFERENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND USE ATRIBUTOS BIOQUÍMICOS EM DOIS SOLOS DE CERRADO SOB DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE MANEJO E USO

  • Américo Nunes da Silveira Neto,
  • Helder Barbosa Paulino,
  • Paula Camylla Ramos Assis,
  • Hamilton Seron Pereira,
  • Lidianne Bárbara de Carvalho Melo,
  • Marco Aurélio Carbone Carneiro

DOI
https://doi.org/10.5216/pat.v38i4.3333
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 38, no. 4
pp. 276 – 283

Abstract

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<!-- @page { margin: 2cm } P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --> <p class="western" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">Soil biochemical attributes can be used as sensitive indicators of alterations promoted by the agricultural use, being a tool to guide tillage practices planning and evaluation to maintain soil sustainability. The objective of this study was to evaluate alterations in the soil organic carbon, biomass and microbial activity, urease and acid phosphatase activity, in two savannah soils, as affected by soil management systems. The study consisted of five soil management systems in a Typic Quartzipsamment, four in an Oxisol, and reference areas without alterations in the two soil types. The management systems changed the biochemical attributes of both soils. The Typic Quartzipsamment area under the soybean/<em>Brachiaria decumbens</em> sequence decreased the soil organic carbon and the microbial biomass carbon, and increased the respiration and <em>q</em>CO<sub>2</sub>, while the Oxisol, in all the areas, except for pasture, promoted reductions in the biochemical attributes. Among the management systems studied, the pasture provided improvements in the evaluated attributes, in both soils.</span></span></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">KEY-WORDS: Soil quality; microbial biomass; soil enzymatic activity.</span></span></p> <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:HyphenationZone>21</w:HyphenationZone> <w:DoNotOptimizeForBrowser /> </w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--> <!-- /* Font Definitions */ @font-face {font-family:Wingdings; panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; mso-font-charset:2; mso-generic-font-family:auto; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:0 268435456 0 0 -2147483648 0;} @font-face {font-family:Tahoma; panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4; mso-font-charset:0; mso-generic-font-family:swiss; mso-font-pitch:variable; mso-font-signature:1627421319 -2147483648 8 0 66047 0;} @font-face {font-family:"Lucida Sans Unicode"; 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text-indent:-18.0pt;} ol {margin-bottom:0cm;} ul {margin-bottom:0cm;} --></p> <!-- @page { margin: 2cm } P { margin-bottom: 0.21cm } --> <p class="western" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="color: #000000;">Os atributos bioquímicos do solo podem ser utilizados como indicadores sensíveis de alterações promovidas pelo uso agrícola, sendo uma ferramenta para orientar o planejamento e a avaliação de práticas de manejo e uso, visando à sustentabilidade do solo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as alterações no carbono orgânico do solo, na biomassa e atividade microbiana do solo, bem como na atividade de urease e fosfatase ácida, em dois tipos de solo de Cerrado, sob diferentes sistemas de manejo e uso do solo. O estudo constou de cinco sistemas de manejo e uso do solo em Neossolo Quartzarênico e de quatro sistemas em Latossolo Vermelho, além de áreas de referência sem alterações antrópicas nos dois solos. Os sistemas de manejo do solo promoveram alterações nos atributos bioquímicos, nos dois solos estudados, sendo que, no Neossolo Quartzarênico, a área sob a seqüência soja/braquiária provocou redução no carbono orgânico e no carbono da biomassa microbiana e aumento na respiração micobiana e no </span><span style="color: #000000;"><em>q</em></span><span style="color: #000000;">CO</span><span style="color: #000000;"><sub>2</sub></span><span style="color: #000000;">, enquanto, no Latossolo Vermelho, todas as áreas, com exceção da pastagem, promoveram reduções nos atributos bioquímicos avaliados. Dentre os sistemas de manejo estudados, a pastagem proporcionou melhorias nos atributos avaliados nos dois solos.</span></span></span></p> <p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm;" align="JUSTIFY"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman,serif;"><span style="font-size: small;">PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Qualidade de solo; biomassa microbiana; atividade enzimática do solo.</span></span></p>

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