Influence of weather and climatic conditions on the genetic and physiological system of winter wheat plants in arid conditions of the Central Caucasus, Russia

Abstract

Aim. In the arid zone of the Central Caucasus it is especially important to grow crops with a high adaptive capacity to changing weather and climatic conditions. In this regard, the purpose of this research work was to determine the influence of hydrothermal factors of the region on the pigment complex and the ability of plants to accumulate nitrogen, protein content in grain and productivity of various varieties of winter wheat.Material and Methods. In the experiment, statistical and mathematical methods were used comprehensively to determine the influence of weather and climatic factors of the region on the pigment complex, the ability of plants to accumulate nitrogen, grain quality and yield of 3 varieties of winter wheat (Zustrich, Bagheera and Bagrat).Results. With the aid of statistical and mathematical analysis, the spectrum of changes in the individual reaction of genotypes of various varieties of winter wheat (according to chlorophyll, carotenoids, nitrogen content in plants, grain quality [protein content) and productivity) in arid conditions of the region was revealed. As a result of the research, it was found that the Bagrat variety optimally realizes its potential to neutralize the negative impact of external environmental factors. The remaining varieties in the agrocenoses of the region had average indicators.Conclusion. The varietal reaction of winter wheat to the phases of plant vegetation was been established. Varieties of agricultural crops with high adaptive stability for economic use in the prevailing conditions of precipitation reduction and temperature increase were identified. Practical recommendations for optimising plant nutrition and obtaining the highest productivity of winter wheat grain are proposed.

Keywords

• pigment complex (chlorophyll, carotenoids)
• winter wheat
• vegetation index ndvi