Efficiency of Giberelonand Cytodef-100 phytohormones in the crop structure and productivity of sunflower in edaphoclimatic conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan

Abstract

The studies were carried out to assess the effect of foliar dressing with Cytodef-100 and Giberelonphytohormones on fruit elements and gross yield of sunflower oil in edaphoclimatic conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan. The study was conducted in the sunflower crops of the Avenger hybrid in the Republic of Tatarstan in 2019–2021. The agrochemical indicators of typical gray-forest soil were as follows: humus content according to Tyurin – 3.0%, mobile phosphorus – 160 and exchange potassium – 145 mg/kg of soil according to Kirsanov. The soil medium response was close to neutral (pH 6.6). The results of the studies show that the total diameter of sunflower heads increases from 10.9 cm in the control sample to 13.3 cm in the joint use of 3 agrochemicals in the phase 4-8 of sunflower leaves: Euro-Lightningherbicide (1.2 kg/ha) + Cytodef-100 (150 g/ha) + Giberelon (50 g/ha). At the same time, the diameter of the empty part of the heads has a clear downward trend: from 2.2 cm to 1.7 cm in the latter version. The increase in marketable products due to the combined use of Cytodef-100 antistress drug and Giberelonphytohormone solution in combination with chemical weeding was 15.2% compared to the control sample (spraying of sunflower crops with Euro-Lightning (1.2 kg/ha) without Agrosintez LLC products.