Infection and Drug Resistance (Dec 2022)

Comparison Between Physiological Scores SIPF, CURB-65, and APACHE II as Predictors of Prognosis and Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Multicenter Study, Saudi Arabia

  • Eldaboosy S,
  • Almoosa Z,
  • Saad M,
  • Al Abdullah M,
  • Farouk A,
  • Awad A,
  • Mahdy W,
  • Abdelsalam E,
  • Nour SO,
  • Makled S,
  • Shaarawy A,
  • Kanany H,
  • Qarah S,
  • Kabil A

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 15
pp. 7619 – 7630

Abstract

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Safwat Eldaboosy,1,2 Zainab Almoosa,3 Mustafa Saad,3 Mohammad Al Abdullah,3 Abdallah Farouk,4,5 Amgad Awad,6,7 Waheed Mahdy,4,8 Eman Abdelsalam,9,10 Sameh O Nour,1 Sameh Makled,1 Ahmed Shaarawy,1 Hatem Kanany,11 Samer Qarah,4 Ahmed Kabil1 1Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; 2Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; 3Department of Infectious Diseases, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; 4Department of Critical Care, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; 5Department of Critical Care, Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt; 6Department of Nephrology and internal Medicine, Almoosa Specialist Hospital, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; 7Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; 8Department of Chest Diseases, Banha Faculty of Medicine, Banha, Egypt; 9Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Cairo, Egypt; 10Department of Internal Medicine, King Khalid Hospital, Hail, Saudi Arabia; 11Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptCorrespondence: Ahmed Kabil, Department of Chest diseases, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt, Tel +201006396601, Email [email protected]: A coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) is associated with catastrophic effects on the world with high morbidity and mortality. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of physiological shock index (SIPF) (shock index and hypoxemia), CURB − 65, acute physiology, and chronic health assessment II (APACHE II) as predictors of prognosis and in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.Methods: In Saudi Arabia, a multicenter retrospective study was conducted on hospitalized adult patients confirmed to have COVID-19 pneumonia. Information needed to calculate SIPF, CURB-65, and APACHE II scores were obtained from medical records within 24 hours of admission.Results: The study included 1131 COVID-19 patients who met the inclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups: (A) the ICU group (n=340; 30.1%) and (B) the ward group (n=791; 69.9%). The most common concomitant diseases of patients at initial ICU admission were hypertension (71.5%) and diabetes (62.4%), and most of them were men (63.8%). The overall mortality was 18.7%, and the mortality rate was higher in the ICU group than in the ward group (39.4% vs 9.6%; p < 0.001). The SIPF score showed a significantly higher ability to predict both ICU admission and mortality in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia compared with APACHE II and CURB − 65; (AUC 0.89 vs 0.87; p < 0.001) and (AUC 0.89 vs 0.84; p < 0.001) for ICU admission and (AUC 0.90 vs 0.65; p < 0.001) and (AUC 0.90 vs 0.80; p < 0.001) for mortality, respectively.Conclusion: The ability of the SIPF score to predict ICU admission and mortality in COVID-19 pneumonia is higher than that of APACHE II and CURB-65. The overall mortality was 18.7%, and the mortality rate was higher in the ICU group than in the ward group (39.4% vs 9.6%; p < 0.001).Keywords: APACHE II, coronavirus, COVID-19, CURB-65, SIPF, pneumonia, mortality

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