ChatGPT acceptance and use through UTAUT and TPB: A big survey in five Indonesian Universities

Abstract

The current research aims to explore the acceptance and use of ChatGPT in education by combining two theoretical frameworks: the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). Survey was administered to collect data from five Indonesian universities. The main data (n.2078) were computed through the procedures of Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to inform correlations among variables. Findings informed that eight hypotheses were confirmed while four others were rejected. The most robust correlation emerged between behavioral intention and ChatGPT use. Meanwhile, the weakest relationship was confirmed between hedonic motivation and behavioral intention. This research is expected to provide significant theoretical and practical contributions to the use of artificial intelligence tools in education.

Keywords

• Acceptance and use
• ChatGPT
• Indonesian universities
• TPB
• UTAUT2