Clinico-pathological correlations of odontogenic tumors: Some critical observations based on a 20 year institutional study and a comprehensive review of literature

Abstract

Context: Odontogenic tumors (OTs) represent a rare subset of pathologies of the oral and maxillofacial region. The classification of OTs has undergone several changes over the years due to a lack of uniform international identification criteria. The histomorphological similarity and the many variations in behavioral patterns elaborated by these lesions warrant research. Aims: Using the update from the fourth edition of the World Health Organisation Classification of Head and Neck Tumors (2017), this dental institution carried out an epidemiological study on OTs in the state of Goa (India) and compared the data obtained with similar studies on OTs done within India. Materials and Methods: The clinical and pathological data of OTs from August 1996 to December 2016 was retrieved from the oral and maxillofacial pathology department archives, belonging to the lone dental college and hospital in the state of Goa, India. Demographic data such as frequency, age, gender, and site along with pathological subtype was analysed. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive analysis (i.e. frequency of age, gender, and location), Chi-Square Test and Fischer Exact test. Results: The relative frequency of OTs was 2.61% of all oral biopsied specimens. The most common OT encountered was ameloblastoma (57.9%). The posterior aspect of the mandible was the most favored site (77.2%). The frequency of OTs decreased after the fourth decade. An overall marginal male predilection (55%) was seen. Conclusions: This study contributes to the establishment of a comprehensive loco-regional epidemiological database on OTs in India, aiding research on their aetio-pathogenesis and diagnosis.

Keywords

• epidemiology
• jaws
• odontogenic tumors