Frontiers in Genetics (May 2022)
Ancient Mitogenomes Reveal the Origins and Genetic Structure of the Neolithic Shimao Population in Northern China
- Jiayang Xue,
- Jiayang Xue,
- Wenjun Wang,
- Wenjun Wang,
- Jing Shao,
- Xiangming Dai,
- Zhouyong Sun,
- Jacob D. Gardner,
- Liang Chen,
- Xiaoning Guo,
- Nan Di,
- Xuesong Pei,
- Xiaohong Wu,
- Ganyu Zhang,
- Can Cui,
- Can Cui,
- Peng Cao,
- Feng Liu,
- Qingyan Dai,
- Xiaotian Feng,
- Ruowei Yang,
- Wanjing Ping,
- Wanjing Ping,
- Lizhao Zhang,
- Nu He,
- Qiaomei Fu,
- Qiaomei Fu,
- Qiaomei Fu
Affiliations
- Jiayang Xue
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Jiayang Xue
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Wenjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Wenjun Wang
- Science and Technology Archaeology, National Centre for Archaeology, Beijing, China
- Jing Shao
- Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology, Xi’an, China
- Xiangming Dai
- Archaeology Institute of National Museum of China, Beijing, China
- Zhouyong Sun
- Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology, Xi’an, China
- Jacob D. Gardner
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Liang Chen
- School of Cultural Heritage, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
- Xiaoning Guo
- Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology, Xi’an, China
- Nan Di
- Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology, Xi’an, China
- Xuesong Pei
- Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology, Xi’an, China
- Xiaohong Wu
- School of Archaeology and Museology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Ganyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Can Cui
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Can Cui
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Peng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Qingyan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Xiaotian Feng
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Ruowei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Wanjing Ping
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Wanjing Ping
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Lizhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Nu He
- Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China
- Qiaomei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Qiaomei Fu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Qiaomei Fu
- Shanghai Qi Zhi Institute, Shanghai, China
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2022.909267
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 13
Abstract
Shimao City is considered an important political and religious center during the Late Neolithic Longshan period of the Middle Yellow River basin. The genetic history and population dynamics among the Shimao and other ancient populations, especially the Taosi-related populations, remain unknown. Here, we sequenced 172 complete mitochondrial genomes, ranging from the Yangshao to Longshan period, from individuals related to the Shimao culture in northern Shaanxi Province and Taosi culture in southern Shanxi Province, Middle Yellow River basin. Our results show that the populations inhabiting Shimao City had close genetic connections with an earlier population in the Middle Neolithic Yangshao period of northern Shaanxi Province, revealing a mostly local origin for the Shimao Society. In addition, among the populations in other regions of the Yellow River basin, the Shimao-related populations had the closest maternal affinity with the contemporaneous Taosi populations from the Longshan period. The Shimao-related populations also shared more affinity with present-day northern Han populations than with the minorities and southern Han in China. Our study provides a new perspective on the genetic origins and structure of the Shimao people and the population dynamics in the Middle Yellow River basin during the Neolithic period.
Keywords
