Dynamics of Fricke–Painlevé VI Surfaces

Abstract

The symmetries of a Riemann surface Σ∖{ai} with n punctures ai are encoded in its fundamental group π1(Σ). Further structure may be described through representations (homomorphisms) of π1 over a Lie group G as globalized by the character variety C=Hom(π1,G)/G. Guided by our previous work in the context of topological quantum computing (TQC) and genetics, we specialize on the four-punctured Riemann sphere Σ=S2(4) and the ‘space-time-spin’ group G=SL2(C). In such a situation, C possesses remarkable properties: (i) a representation is described by a three-dimensional cubic surface Va,b,c,d(x,y,z) with three variables and four parameters; (ii) the automorphisms of the surface satisfy the dynamical (non-linear and transcendental) Painlevé VI equation (or PVI); and (iii) there exists a finite set of 1 (Cayley–Picard)+3 (continuous platonic)+45 (icosahedral) solutions of PVI. In this paper, we feature the parametric representation of some solutions of PVI: (a) solutions corresponding to algebraic surfaces such as the Klein quartic and (b) icosahedral solutions. Applications to the character variety of finitely generated groups fp encountered in TQC or DNA/RNA sequences are proposed.

Keywords

• isomonodromic deformation
• Painlevé VI
• <i>SL</i>(2, ℂ) character variety
• algebraic surfaces
• DNA/RNA