Medical Journal of Babylon (Sep 2024)
Analysis of Cytochrome P450 2C9 Gene Polymorphism in a Sample of Iraqi Hypertensive Patients
Abstract
Background:According to the literature review, there is little knowledge about CYP2C9 genetic variants in Iraqi hypertensive patients. Objectives:Evaluate and compare the distribution of important cytochrome CYP2C9 genetic variants within the Iraqi population in relation to other populations. Materials and Methods:After DNA extraction and subsequent polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the PCR products were subjected to Sanger sequencing to determine the CYP2C9 genetic variants in Iraqi hypertensive patients. The mutant alleles of the identified CYP2C9 genetic variants were compared to those of other countries. The study of linkage disequilibrium (LD) was conducted using the SHEsis program. Results:In the Iraqi population, a total of nine CYP2C9 polymorphisms were found with different frequencies. The comparative analysis of major variant rs1799853 C<T and rs1057910 A<C across different populations showed that the frequency of rs1799853 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was significantly (P < 0.05)greater in Iraqis compared to both Asian and African–American populations. The allele frequency of rs1799853 and rs1057910 SNPs was comparable with other countries as Europe, Kuwait, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Oman, Saudi Arabia, and Iran. The allele frequency of rs1057910 SNP was determined to be significantly (P < 0.05) greater in the Iraqi population in relation to the African–American population. Moreover, there was a very strong linkage among the studied CYP2C9 SNPs, except for rs555206628 SNPs; there was a weak linkage with CYP2C9 rs28371676 and rs1057910. Conclusions:This study provides insights into the prevalence of CYP2C9 polymorphisms among Iraqi populations. This knowledge has the potential to enhance the efficacy of pharmacotherapy through the use of personalized medicine strategies tailored specifically to this ethnic population.
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