Zhongguo quanke yixue (Jul 2023)
Application of Disability Point Matching Intervention Programme Based on Intervention Mapping Theory in Patients with Schizophrenia Disability
Abstract
Background Schizophrenia is considered as one of the top 10 leading causes of disability and life survival time threatening, which is the main cause of mental disability. There are relatively few researches on early intervention and health management for patients with mental disability in China and abroad. In particular, there is a lack of research on interventions for mental disability at different time points in China. Objective To explore the effect of disability point matching (DPM) intervention programme based on intervention mapping theory on degree of disability, negative symptoms, insight, self-esteem level and family function in patients with schizophrenia disability. Methods A quasi-experimental study design was used in the research. The patients at P1 (disability1~<2 year, 70 cases), P2 (disability 2~<3 years, 70 cases) and P3 (disability≥3 years, 70 cases) were randomly divided into the intervention group (35 cases) and control group (35 cases) by using random numbers generated by SPSS. The control group at all three time points received routine care, and the intervention group received DPM based on the routine care. The duration of the intervention was 8 weeks, once a week. The patients were assessed using WHO Disability Rating Scale (WHO-DASⅡ), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-Negative Subscale (PANSS-N), Self-knowledge and treatment attitude questionnaire (ITAQ), Self-Esteem Scale (SES) and family adaptation, partnership, growth, affection, resolve (APGAR) before intervention, after 8 weeks of intervention, 3 months after 8 weeks of intervention and 6 months after 8 weeks of intervention, respectively. The health outcomes between the two groups at each time point were compared by using repeated measures analysis of variance. Results There were main effects and interaction effects of time and group in the WHO-DASⅡ, PANSS-N, ITAQ and SES scores at P1 after DPM intervention (P>0.05), there were main effects and interaction effects of time and group in the APGAR score at P1 after DPM intervention (P>0.05). WHO-DASⅡ and PANSS-N scores were lower and ITAQ (P>0.05), SES, and APGAR scores were higher in the intervention group than the control group at after 8 weeks of intervention, 3 months after 8 weeks of intervention and 6 months after 8 weeks of intervention (P<0.05). There were main effects and interaction effects of time and group in WHO-DASⅡ、ITAQ、SES、APGAR scores of patients at P2 after DPM intervention. WHO-DASⅡ score was lower and SES score was higher in the intervention group than the control group at after 8 weeks of intervention and 6 months after 8 weeks of intervention (P<0.05), ITAQ and APGAR scores were higher in the intervention group than the control group at after 8 weeks of intervention, 3 months after 8 weeks of intervention and 6 months after 8 weeks of intervention (P<0.05). There were main effects and interaction effects of time and group in WHO-DASⅡ and ITAQ scores at P3 after DPM intervention. WHO-DASⅡI score was lower and ITAQ score was higher than the control group at after 8 weeks of intervention, 3 months after 8 weeks of intervention and 6 months after 8 weeks of intervention (P<0.05) . Conclusion The DPM intervention program based on intervention mapping theory is effective in improving the disability degree, negative symptoms, insight, self-esteem and family function in patients with schizophrenic disability.
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