Synthesis, characterization, cyclic voltammetry, and molecular docking studies of the antioxidant activities of superoxide anion radicals towards meso-tetramethophenyl-porphyrin and meso-tetrabiphenyl-porphyrin

Abstract

The investigation employed cyclic voltammetry (CV) assays to assess the scavenging efficacy of two recently developed compounds, namely meso-tetramethophenyl-porphyrin TPPH2(o-methyl) and meso-tetrabiphenyl-porphyrin (TbiPPH2), against the superoxide anion radical ( ). The IC50 values derived from the CV assays indicated significant scavenging activity for both compounds, with TbPPH2 exhibiting superior potency (85.79 ± 0.11 µg ml-1) compared to the standard antioxidant alpha-tocopherol (353.27 ± 3.21 µg ml-1). Additionally, molecular docking simulations elucidated the interaction of the investigated compounds with specific amino acid residues of glutathione reductase through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions. The in vitro and in silico results were concordant, highlighting TbiPPH2 as the least active compound against glutathione reductase, boasting the highest inhibitory concentration of 0.63 μM and the lowest docking score of -35.36 kJ mol-1, thus positioning it as a promising candidate for antioxidant applications.

Keywords

• antioxidant activity coefficient
• binding free energy
• cyclic voltammetry
• homogeneous rate constant
• molecular docking study
• porphyrin