Association of insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) with Parkinson’s disease and factors risk in eastern Algeria: case–control study

Abstract

Abstract Background This study aimed to explore the relationship between Parkinson’s disease and insertion/deletion polymorphism (I/D) of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) and to highlight the related risk factors within Eastern Algerian population. A total of 262 individuals were recruited, including 100 PD patients and 162 controls. Polymerase chain reaction technique was employed to determine the ACE polymorphism genotype of each participant. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine factors potentially contributing to Parkinson’s disease. Results The mean age of onset of Parkinson’s disease in the patient group was 56.18 $$\pm 12.99$$ ± 12.99 . The results revealed that the D allele of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene and the DD genotype were most prevalent in both patients and controls. However, there were no significant differences in the genotype and allele frequencies of the I/D polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene between patients and healthy subjects. Cardiovascular disease, diabetes and profession were identified as potential risk factors for Parkinson’s disease. Conclusion The obtained data indicated no correlation between the angiotensin-converting enzyme I/D gene polymorphism and Parkinson’s disease in our research cohort. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that cardiovascular disease, diabetes and profession were possible risk factors for Parkinson’s disease.

Keywords

• Parkinson’s disease
• Risk factors
• Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene
• Insertion/deletion polymorphism