Algorytmy i sztuczna inteligencja jako narzędzie i źródło niedozwolonych praktyk ograniczających konkurencję w świetle art. 101 Traktatu o funkcjonowaniu Unii Europejskiej

Abstract

The article aims to present potential perils to competition resulting from the wide use of algorithms and artificial intelligence in the market activities of firms through the prism of anticompetitive practices covered by Art. 101 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (hereinafter: TFEU) and an attempt to assess whether the indicated legal regulation and the practice developed on its basis resulting from the jurisprudence of the European Commission (hereinafter: the EC) and the Court of Justice of the European Union (hereinafter: the CJEU) and the competition regulations of the European Union’s secondary law creates an adequate protection to the presented threats. First, the technical determinants of algorithms and artificial intelligence, relevant for further considerations, were discussed. Then, by analysing Art. 101 TFEU and selected case law of the EC and the CJEU, a presentation and legal assessment of probable anticompetitive practices that may arise as a result of the use of the aforementioned technology were made. The last part of the publication indicates proposals to counteract the discussed competition threats based on an analysis of selected acts of secondary European Union competition law and concepts illustrating the possible directions of future solutions.

Keywords

• algorithms; artificial intelligence; anticompetitive practices; EU antitrust law