Вестник войск РХБ защиты (Apr 2024)
A Study of the Process of Removing Liquid Organic Substance from Textile Material by Powder and the Substantiation of the Laws of Its Flow
Abstract
The relevance of this research is determined by the scientific contradiction between the need to increase the efficiency of degassing powder formulations when processing textile materials contaminated with drops of toxic chemicals, and the lack of such an opportunity, since the application of modern theories of degassing is difficult here due to the lack of knowledge about the diffusion stage that determines the transition of liquid from tissue into powder. The purpose of this article is to study the process of removing a liquid organic substance from a textile material by powder, on which it is applied discretely in the form of small drops, and the laws according to which this process flows. Materials and methods. To substantiate the experiments, publications available through the databases Scopus, eLIBRARY, SRussian National Public Library for Science and Technology, Federal Institute of Industrial Property, Google Scholar, etc. were studied. When carrying out the experiments, the relevant methods of microphotography, mass measurement, separation of powder into different fractions, measurement of the diameter of powder particles and fabric fibers, and statistical processing of experimental data were used. The discussion of the results. A technique has been developed that makes it possible to experimentally study the process of removing liquid organic matter from textile material by powder. As a result of the research, the process of removing a liquid organic substance from a textile material by powder, onto which it is applied discretely in the form of small drops, was studied for the first time. Based on theoretical studies and experimental data, several laws (regularities) for the removal of the liquid phase of organic matter from textile material and the requirements for rate constants for the removal of the liquid phase of organic matter from textile material using powder formulations were substantiated for the first time to ensure the required completeness of the decontamination of combat equipment of military personnel contaminated with toxic chemicals. The conclusion. 1) the proportion of the removed liquid phase of organic matter from a textile material is directly proportional to the rate constant for the removal of the liquid phase of organic matter by powder, which takes into account only the processing time of the powder formulation, and the square root of the processing time of the powder formulation («capillary law of removal of liquid organic matter from textile material by powder»); 2) when changing the exposure to contamination and the time of powder treatment, it is formulated as follows: «The proportion of the removed liquid phase of organic matter from a textile material is directly proportional to the rate constant for the removal of the liquid phase of organic matter by the powder, taking into account the time of treatment with the powder formulation and the exposure to contamination, and the square root of the time of treatment with the powder formulation, and is also inversely proportional to the square root of the time of contamination.»
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